时间: 2025-04-25 21:37:47
美: [skrætʃ]
英: [skrætʃ]
n. 擦伤;抓痕;刮擦声;乱写
adj. 打草稿用的;凑合的;碰巧的
vt. 抓;刮;挖出;乱涂
vi. 抓;搔;发刮擦声;勉强糊口;退出比赛
最后更新时间:2025-04-25 21:37:47
词源分析:Scratch源于古英语“scrat,”意为“抓、划”。该词的词根与“scrape”(刮擦)和“scruff”(抓住)等词密切相关。
历史背景:Scratch的使用可以追溯到中世纪,最早的文献可能在12世纪的英语文学中出现。
课本:Scratch可能在*的初中及高中英语教材中出现,尤其在描述动作或情感的语境中。在牛津词典和美国的学龄段教材中,通常出现在三年级及以上的英语学中。
正式与非正式语境:
特殊场合:
I accidentally scratched the car while parking.
我停车时不小心划伤了车。
She had a scratch on her leg from the thorn bush.
她的腿上有个划痕,是从荆棘丛中划出来的。
The cat likes to scratch the furniture.
猫喜欢抓家具。
He scratched his head in confusion.
他困惑地挠了挠头。
The artist made a scratch on the canvas to start the painting.
艺术家在画布上划了一道痕迹以开始绘画。
*. Don't scratch the surface too hard; you might damage it.
不要太用力地刮擦表面;你可能会损坏它。
After the fall, she had several scratches on her arms.
摔倒后,她的手臂上有好几个划伤。
They decided to start the project from scratch.
他们决定从头开始这个项目。
He scratched his name into the wooden table.
他在木桌上刻下了自己的名字。
I can still feel the scratch from the cat's claws.
我仍然能感觉到猫爪留下的划痕。
同义词:
反义词:
这些关联词汇通常与scratch一起出现,形成固定搭配。
[V-T] If you scratch yourself, you rub your fingernails against your skin because it is itching. 挠
例:He scratched himself under his arm.他在自己腋下挠了挠。
例:The old man lifted his cardigan to scratch his side.那位老人撩起他的开襟毛衣挠了挠身子侧面。
[V-T] If a sharp object scratches someone or something, it makes small shallow cuts on their skin or surface. 划破
例:The branches tore at my jacket and scratched my hands and face.那些树枝挂了我的夹克,划破了我的双手和脸。
[N-COUNT] Scratches on someone or something are small shallow cuts. 划伤
例:The seven-year-old was found crying with scratches on his face and neck.那个7岁的孩子被找到时正在哭,脸上和颈上都有划伤。
[PHRASE] If you do something from scratch, you do it without making use of anything that has been done before. 从零开始
例:Building a home from scratch can be both exciting and challenging.白手起家既激动人心又具有挑战性。
[PHRASE] If you say that someone is scratching their head, you mean that they are thinking hard and trying to solve a problem or puzzle. 绞尽脑汁思考
例:The Institute spends a lot of time scratching its head about how to boost American productivity.这家研究所花大量时间绞尽脑汁思考怎样推进美国的生产力。